Danka for Thank You, Bitteschön for Youre Welcome

Courtesy is important no matter what country youre visiting. In Germany, however, there is greater emphasis on formalities and speaking to people in die Hà ¶flichkeitsform:  addressing acquaintances, colleagues, and people you dont know with Sie as opposed to du/ you, which is reserved more for family and close friends.The same goes when expressing thank you and youre welcome in German. There is a more formal way and a less formal way of stating these expressions. Below you will find a list divided as such, however many expressions are fine in both situations since just simply stating thank you and youre welcome is polite in and of itself. The most important thing to keep in mind is to use Sie/Ihnen and du as appropriate. (Please note that the translations are not always literal, but rather an English equivalent.) More Formal Ways of Saying Thank You: Most common: Dankeschà ¶n, Danke sehr Other ways: Schà ¶nen Dank (Many thanks)Besten Dank (Best of thanks)Haben Sie vielen Dank! (Many thanks)Ich bin Ihnen sehr dankbar (Im very grateful/thankful to you)Ich danke Ihnen (I thank you)Herzlichen Dank (Heartfelt thanks)Ein herzliches Dankeschà ¶n (My/Our heartfelt thanks)Danke vielmals (Many thanks), Ich danke Ihnen vielmals Vielen Dank (Many thanks) Less Formal Ways of Saying Thank You DankeVielen Dank (Many thanks)Danke vielmals (Many thanks)Tausend Dank (Thanks a million) More Formal Ways of Saying Youre Welcome Bitteschà ¶n Bitte sehrGern geschehen (It was my pleasure)Mit Vergnà ¼gen (With pleasure) Less Formal Ways of Saying Youre Welcome Bitte Gern geschehen (It was my pleasure)Gern (shortened form of Gern geschehen)Nichts zu danken (Dont mention it.)Schon gut (Thats fine. No problem)Kein Problem (No problem) You may need some other words for polite conversation, including understanding how to say please in German.

What Is the Clean Air Act

Youve probably heard about the Clean Air Acts and can figure out they have something to do with air pollution, but what else do you know about Clean Air Act legislation? Heres a look at the Clean Air Acts and answers to some common questions about them. The Clean Air Act The Clean Air Act is the name of any of several pieces of legislation aimed at reducing smog and other types of air pollution. In the United States, the Clean Air Acts include the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955, Clean Air Act of 1963, Air Quality Act of 1967, the Clean Air Act Extension of 1970, and Clean Air Act Amendments in 1977 and 1990. State and local governments have passed supplemental legislation to fill in gaps left by the federal mandates. The Clean Air Acts have addressed acid rain, ozone depletion, and the emission of atmospheric toxins. The laws have included provisions for emissions trading and a national permits program. The amendments established requirements for gasoline reformulation. In Canada, there have been two acts with the name Clean Air Act. The Clean Air Act of the 1970s regulated the atmospheric release of asbestos, lead, mercury, and vinyl chloride. This Act was replaced by the Canadian Environmental Protection Act in the year 2000. The second Clean Air Act (2006) was directed against smog and greenhouse gas emissions. In the United Kingdom, the Clean Air Act of 1956 legislated zones for smokeless fuels and relocated power stations to rural areas. The Clean Air Act of 1968 introduced tall chimneys to disperse air pollution from the burning of fossil fuels. State Programs In the United States, several states have added their own programs to prevent or clean up air pollution. For example, California has the Clean Air Project, aimed to offer smoke-free gaming at tribal casinos. Illinois has the Illinois Citizens for Clean Air and Water, which is a group dedicated to reducing the environmental impact of large-scale livestock production. Oregon passed the Indoor Clean Air Act, which prohibits smoking in indoor workspaces and within 10 feet of a building entrance. Oklahomas Breathe Easy statutes are similar to the Oregon act, prohibiting smoking in indoor workplaces and public buildings. Several states require vehicle emission testing to limit pollution released by automobiles. Impact of the Clean Air Acts The legislation has led to the development of better pollution dispersion models. Critics say the Clean Air Acts have cut into corporate profits and have led companies to relocate, while proponents say the Acts have improved air quality, which has improved human and environmental health, and have created more jobs than they have eliminated. The Clean Air Acts are considered to be among the most comprehensive environmental laws in the world. In the United States, the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 was the countrys first environmental law. It was the first major environmental law to make a provision for citizen suits.

I Am Legend Analasys Essay Free Essays

The movie I Am legend is a science fiction about Robert Neville (Will Smith), who is a military scientist and the lone survivor of a biochemical disease which was supposed to cure cancer 3 years previous. His only companion is his dog Samantha, several mannequins scattered around the city that he talks to, several animals that escaped from the zoo, and the victims of the plague brought about by the cancer cure gone rouge. Robert spends his days scavenging homes for supplies and waiting on the docks of the naval base for any survivors who are reached by his radio broadcast. We will write a custom essay sample on I Am Legend Analasys Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, his nights are spent hiding his trace and keeping a video log of his scientific research of a possible cure, tested on rats. Dr. Neville himself is immune to the airborne strain of the virus. During key parts of the movie Neville is haunted by flashbacks of his family who died while trying to evacuate the city. He is severely outnumbered and quickly running out of time. In the opening scene, a television news report between a news anchor and another woman who says the cancer treatment trials have had 100 percent success rate the news reporter responds with â€Å"So Doctor, you have created a cure for cancer haven’t you? a slight smile from the woman, â€Å"Yes, Yes we have. † The camera blacks out and goes to several scenes of a destroyed New York City with a pre-recorded message of Neville himself â€Å"My name is Robert Neville. I am a survivor living in New York City. I am broadcasting on all AM frequencies. I will be at the South Street Seaport every day at mid-day, when the sun is highest in the sky. If you are out there†¦ if anyone is out there†¦ I can provide food, I can provide shelter, and I can provide security. If there’s anybody out there†¦ nybody†¦ please. You are not alone. † During this sequence, the camera angle goes over the city in a top-down view to show the empty cars, destroyed buildings, some covered in battered and ripped quarantine plastic. During the course of the movie, the viewer discovers exactly how alone Robert is. He has prerecorded television news from years past, when he is bored he goes to the local movie rental store. There he has a friend named Fred, and a secret crush who he is too afraid to talk to. Both are mannequins. His dog Samantha is a German shepherd handed to him by his daughter Harley as their helicopter was taking off before it was brought down by an explosion cause by a crashing helicopter into the bridge. Robert always has Sam by his side except when she runs into an abandoned building while chasing a deer. Neville panics and runs in after her. They discover a colony of diseased and Robert decides to set a trap for one. Taking a vial of his own blood, he smashes it over the trap and waits. Once he catches one he is surprised that one infected exposes himself to sunlight just to roar and pant at Robert. All the while his skin begins smoking and he goes back inside. Back at his house he does his pre-dusk ritual of covering his scent with rubbing alcohol and shutting the metal shutters on the windows. He sedates the diseased and proceeds to inject her with the most recent possible strain of cure from his menagerie of lab rats. She begins to have slowed heart rate and she looks better, and then dies. He gives up hope and returns her to her previous self of infection. She is then kept in a sealed room on a stretcher. The next day as he is driving through the city he sees a mannequin the he left at the video store. Obviously mannequins cannot move and possibly the loneliness has gotten to his mind but he begins yelling at it. â€Å"Fred, if you’re real you tell me now! † with no response he begins shooting it and falls into a trap laid out by the infected leader that roared at him before. Three infected dogs run out of a building but are stopped by the last ray of sunlight. Roberts leg is crippled from the trap and can’t make it to his car. The dogs run to them and go after Robert but Sam stops one and gets bitten. Robert goes home with Sam and injects her with the potential drug that didn’t work on the infected girl. The serum fails and Sam turns. Robert has no choice but to kill her. This moment seems to be the most memorable in the entire movie for anyone who watches it. Most people also seem to come close to tears or at least become depressed. The viewer becomes emotionally invested and hopes Robert finds a cure and Sam has always been there right by his side, it seems almost like counter logic for moviegoers to see the sidekick die. Robert flies into a depression fuel rage. Everything he has loved has been taken by this virus None of his serums have worked, and he is, as far as he knows, the last un infected alive. He takes his land rover to the docks and begins running over infected on a suicidal mission. He is overpowered but is saved by a woman who is searching for the survivor’s colony. She also has a son. They all go back to Roberts’s house. She does not follow his strict trace removal and the hoard of infected find them. They fall back to the sealed room finding that the infected girl has been cured. Robert takes a vial of her blood and has the woman and son hide on a bunker in the wall till dawn. Robert sacrifices himself knowing they will not stop until they are dead. The ending scene is a voiceover of the woman as she walks up to the colony handing them the vial. While it’s unlikely that the recipients of such biotech drugs would turn into raging night creatures that are afraid of sunlight, the truth is actually far scarier. The TGN1412 drug trial, in this drug trial, which tested an experimental arthritis drug on patients, things went terribly wrong: After being injected with the anti-inflammatory drug TGN1412, patients began tearing their shirts off, screaming that their heads were going to explode. One patient’s head swelled to triple its normal size, and patients were passing out, vomiting, or screaming in sheer terror. Within minutes after the injections, patients were suffering from severe breathing attacks, convulsions and excruciating pain. As a relative to one of the victims explained: â€Å"He was completely lifeless, like a shell. He can’t even move his eyelids. This machine is pumping out his lungs and his face is puffed out like The Elephant Man. † This is real life, not science fiction. And yet it sounds a lot like some of the side effects of the viral injection imagined in I Am Legend. While the movie was science fiction, the truth is, modern medicine is quite capable of making a mistake that unleashes a deadly virus and devastates humankind. Sources Cited: DVD video. â€Å"I Am Legend Burbank, CA : Warner Home Video, [2008] I Am Legend Critique. Anti Essays. Retrieved March 18, 2013, from the World Wide Web: http://www. antiessays. com/free-essays/308801. html Interview/journal. New England Journal of Medicine. â€Å"Cytokine Storm in a Phase 1 Trial of the Anti-CD28 Monoclonal Antibody TGN1412. † August 14, 2006. How to cite I Am Legend Analasys Essay, Essays

Tigers Effect on the Ecosystem free essay sample

There are many factors that are limiting the strength of our ecosystem. These factors have made many environments around the world very vulnerable. The main ecosystem I will focus on will be the habitats that tigers live in. More specifically I will focus on the effects that tigers have on their ecosystem and what would happen if tigers we to unfortunately go extinct. The tiger is one of the biggest components in its ecosystem besides for humans. Without tigers in their ecosystem their environment would completely fall into disarray(4). To fully understand how the tiger effects it`s ecosystem you must fully know the status of this animal as of right now. Less than one hundred years ago tigers roomed most of Asia. They could be found from the forests of eastern Turkey and the Caspian region of Western Asia, all the way to the Indian sub-continent, China, and Indochina, south to Indonesia, and north to the Korean Peninsula and the Russian Far East(4). We will write a custom essay sample on Tigers Effect on the Ecosystem or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Unfortunately now tigers are found in only thirteen range states which is only 7% of their original land. These states consist of Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia (Sumatra), Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Thailand, and Vietnam(1). From this land loss we have lost nearly 97% of our wild tiger population. There are as few as 3,200 tigers remaining(4). Now I must describe these magnificent animals. Today most tigers appear similar. The upper part of the animal ranges from reddish orange to ochre, and the under parts are whitish. The body has a series of black striations of black to dark grey color. The characteristic stripe patterns differ from one individual to another and from one side of the cats body to the other. In fact, there are no tigers with identical markings. Males exhibit a characteristic ruff (lengthened hairs around the neck), which is especially marked in the  Sumatran tiger. Some  Bengal tigers  are cream or white instead of orange, due to a recessive gene for this coloration called white tigers, they also have a pink nose and blue eyes. A tiger’s size will depend on the subspecies and gender, body length (including the tail) is 140-300 cm and males of the largest subspecies, the  Amur (Siberian) tiger, may  weigh up to 300 kg, while males of the smallest subspecies, the  Sumatran tiger, range from 100-140 kg. Within each subspecies, males are heavier than females. So how exactly do tigers fit into their ecosystem? A tiger is said to be called as an apex predator, which means an indicator of our ecosystem’s health(1). As the tiger is on the top of the food chain, it becomes the symbol for protection of all species on the Earth. An example of the way that the tigers ecosystem is this; an autotroph (grass) is eaten by a heterotroph (rabbit). After that rabbit has eaten the grass it scampers off and is eaten by a tiny fox. After the rabbit is eaten by the fox the fox is hunted and eaten by a wolf. Finally after the wolf eats the fox a tiger comes and eats the wolf. This will finish the cycle of food. As you can see the tiger has no natural predators. Besides the human beings that is. This leads me to the everyday threats that tigers face. First off we will star with the natural things that limit how well the tiger will succeed in everyday life. The biggest and most dangerous factor to the tiger’s life is poachers. Every part of the tiger, from whisker to tail, is traded in illegal wildlife markets. Poaching is the most immediate threat to wild tigers. In relentless demand, their parts are used for traditional medicine, folk remedies, and increasingly as a status symbol among wealthy Asians. There are usually limited resources for guarding protected areas in the countries where tigers live. Even countries with strong enforcement of tiger protection laws fight a never-ending battle against poaching. In Indochina and China, poaching is so pervasive that thousands of hectares of forests stand empty of tigers. The impact from the death of a single tiger at the hands of poachers reaches beyond one single loss(5). If the tiger that was killed was a female with cubs, her cubs will likely die without their mother and the females potential for future breeding is lost(5). If a male is killed, his death can result in intensive competition for his territory among surviving males in the population, creating disruption in further breeding by those males. People also kill tigers without knowing. Humans do this by hunting or catching the tigers prey. This in turn lowers the tiger’s food supply that can hurt them. The territory of a single tiger may cover 25 to 300 sq. miles depending on the availability of prey. When the population of prey decrease, the more territory a single male tiger needs to occupy, and when humans continue their acts of deforestation (through burning or cutting down trees), there will be less habitat for the tiger(5). And since each single tigers needs such a big territory, the reduction of the habitat would mean the reduction of tigers because the land area will not be big enough for so many tigers. All of these impacts on these tigers not only hurt their population of tigers but the economy of the local people. Most countries that have tigers are relatively poorer than most. Tigers help this countries and local people a lot. They will get rid of the locals other predators that might kill them (the people) or their livestock(1). Another way tigers help out their ecosystem is by brining tourism to places that harbor tigers. They do this by millions of people wanting to see them in their natural habitat. In turn tons of people visit these places with tigers each year for tours, trips, and other adventures(1). By doing this a lot of money and income is brought to the people living in these areas with tigers. As you can see tigers are a very important part of the ecosystem. They are very endangered and hurt even though they do so much for the economy, the people, and the food chain(2). So how can we help these poor animals for all the ways they have helped us? We must end the demand for tiger parts by informing consumers of tiger products to change their habits. We must stop the bleeding and ramp up anti-poaching measures and maintain and enforce laws banning tiger products. By protecting tiger habitat we must protect existing parklands, establish new protected areas for tigers and create corridors that connect parklands and allow tigers to roam to find adequate prey and mates for breeding(2). Continued learning about critical tiger wildlife research and monitoring techniques, which help improve tiger conservation methods, reduce human-tiger conflict, and keep track of which tiger populations need help the most. Reducing human-tiger conflicts we can provide innovative solutions and educational programs to reduce conflict between tigers and local communities(2). Works Cited 1. http://wwf. panda. org/about_our_earth/teacher_resources/best_place_species/current_top_10/lion. cfm 2. http://www. savetigersnow. org/ 3. http://wwf. panda. org/about_our_earth/biodiversity/ 4. http://worldwildlife. org/species/tiger 5. http://worldwildlife. org/threats/illegal-wildlife-trade

The Farmers Revolt Essay Example

The Farmers Revolt Essay Example The Farmers Revolt Essay The Farmers Revolt Essay DBQ 13: The Farmer;s Revolt Farmers were once known for being able to do everything themselves. They grew their own food and sewed their own clothes. People often yearn for the old days and complain about so many people living in cities. Many farmers had to give up their farms and move to the cities, because of something that happened in the late nineteenth century. High prices forced farmers to concentrate on one crop. The large-scale farmers bought expensive machines, increasing their crop yield. This caused the smaller farmers to be left behind. The small farmers could no longer compete and were forced give up their farms and look for jobs in the cities. The smaller farmers who stayed blamed their troubles on banks and railroads. In the 1890;s western and southern farmers came together to make up the political party called the Populist Party. Their plan was to take control of the White House; thenthey could solve all their problems. The increase in crop yield caused a chan ge in the economy, which the party set out to straighten out in 1892.On their party platform they demanded that the government take control of the railroad. The railroad was charging extremely high prices to transport grain. They asked the government to use the railroads for the benefit of the people. They also wished to set the economy straight and asked for an unlimited coinage of gold and silver at a ratio of sixteen to one and a graduated income tax. Since the increase in crop yield, this caused overproduction, which resulted in farmers having to lower their prices greatly. In 1890 clergyman Washington Gladden wrote an article called ;The Embattled Farmers;. In it he blamed the ruin of the farmers on ;protective tariffs, trustsspeculation in farm products, over-greedy middlemen, and exorbitant transportation rates.; James Laurence Laughlin wrote an article ;Causes of Agricultural Unrest; that was pu

Letter Writing Etiquette

Letter Writing Etiquette A letter that is well written is becoming harder and harder to find. Slang, computer email-lingo and bad grammar have moved in and become second nature in our way of writing. Always remember that when writing a letter your words cannot be taken back once sent. People often say or do things on impulse based on emotion and letter writing is no different. Just as one may walk away from an argument to cool down or think things over before responding, one needs to also put a letter down and wait before sending it. Make sure you take the time to read over what has been written before actually putting it in the mail. Letter writing etiquette is one of the most valuable lessons a person can learn in their lives. You may say it’s just a bunch of words on paper†¦well, when a letter arrives at its destination it may be the only impression the reader gets of you. As with anything else, it’s important to give the reader a good picture of who you are through your writing. This is why letter writing etiquette is really an essential tool for everyone to know. No matter what kind of letter you are writing, whether it’s a personal or a business letter, letter writing etiquette applies to both kinds. The first thing you want to do is to give thought to your writing. Consider carefully how you want to come across to the recipient of your letter. Use proper wording to express your thoughts or feelings. Many times a letter can be brought back out at a later date, as proof of your character and it may actually be a result of writing under duress or extreme emotion. Not a reflection of who you truly are. So, before writing, jot down ideas and thoughts then develop them into sentences and paragraphs. Once you’ve done this, put it aside and read it again after a few hours or days before you actually send it in the mail. In order to make your writing easy for the reader to follow, letter writing etiquette suggests writing in a certain order. Begin at the beginning of your story or problem and go forward from there. Don’t jump around from the present to past and back again. This confuses your readers and throws them off of what you are trying to tell them. Make your presentation clear and easy to understand. Stay with shorter sentences and use descriptive words to convey your meaning. Following good letter writing etiquette will keep you from sounding long-winded and dull. It will keep the reader interested and reading quickly through the paper to find out the ending. Another part of letter writing etiquette that cannot be ignored is grammar. When you allow grammatical errors to fill a page, you’ll distract the reader. Every time they read across something that is grammatically wrong, their brain will stop and focus on the thing that just looks wrong. Mentally their brain will note this error and it takes them away from the actual point that you may be trying to get across in your letter. If a letter is full of grammatical errors then you run the risk of losing your reader completely. They may stop reading before they ever get to the end where you may have some important conclusion statements for them. Letter writing etiquette is something that everyone should make time to learn. Sending letters is an extension of showing whom we are and bad grammar and writing will only show the readers that you are one that doesn’t need to be taken seriously. Not only that, but a letter sent in anger full of insults and threats will only serve to show you in a negative light that can be used against you at anytime. Take the time to learn good letter writing etiquette. You’ll find that it will come in handy many times in your life.

Conlon Nancarrow's career and his relation to player piano Research Proposal

Conlon Nancarrow's career and his relation to player piano - Research Proposal Example The interview is considered as quite important for understanding the actual view of composer for a series of critical issues related to his life and career. The findings of the literature review will be categorized, so that they are presented in separate sections according to their relevance to the study’s issues. The career of Conlon Nancarrow can be characterized as rather impressive. As for all artists, for Conlon Nancarrow also communicating effectively with his audience has been a key priority. Media and technology have helped Conlon Nancarrow to achieve this target. Has this support intervened in the development of the composer’s career? Was the involvement of media and technology in the career of Conlon Nancarrow fully justified? Duffie, Bruce. â€Å"Composer Conlon Nancarrow. A Conversation With Bruce Duffie.† Archive of Contemporary Music. Northwestern University. October 12, 1987. Accessed at 25 February 2013.